The Water Rail-Mounted Inspection Robot is purpose-built for humid, water-exposed water conservancy environments with slippery floors, such as rivers, pump stations, water plants, and water supply and drainage tunnels. Running on steel cable or suspended rails, it operates reliably amid standing water, steam, and corrosive gases. Integrating visible light, infrared thermography, water quality sensing, and acoustic pickup modules, it delivers round-the-clock unmanned inspection of pump units, gate valves, pipe flanges, and water quality parameters.